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卫生部办公厅关于印发《母婴健康素养——基本知识与技能(试行)》的通知

作者:法律资料网 时间:2024-07-12 06:58:27  浏览:9744   来源:法律资料网
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卫生部办公厅关于印发《母婴健康素养——基本知识与技能(试行)》的通知

卫生部办公厅


卫生部办公厅关于印发《母婴健康素养——基本知识与技能(试行)》的通知

卫办妇社函〔2012〕31号


各省、自治区、直辖市卫生厅局,新疆生产建设兵团和计划单列市卫生局:

  为落实2008年我部发布的《中国公民健康素养——基本知识与技能(试行)》,提高我国公民健康素养水平,特别是母婴健康素养水平,普及母婴保健基本知识与技能,我部组织有关专家编写了《母婴健康素养——基本知识与技能(试行)》。现印发给你们,请加强宣传,推广应用。

  附件:母婴健康素养-基本知识与技能(试行).doc
二〇一二年一月十二日



母婴健康素养——基本知识与技能(试行)

一、基本知识和理念
(一)促进母亲和婴儿健康,提高出生人口素质,是每一位公民的社会责任。
(二)准备结婚的男女双方应当到医疗保健机构接受婚前保健服务。
(三)怀孕和分娩是人类繁衍的生理过程,应当作到有计划、有准备。准备生育的夫妇,应当到医疗保健机构接受孕前保健服务。
(四)吸烟与被动吸烟会导致流产、死胎、早产、低出生体重。
(五)准备怀孕的妇女和孕妇,应当避免接触生活及职业环境中的有毒有害物质,避免密切接触宠物。
(六)孕前3个月至孕早期3个月补服叶酸可预防胎儿神经管缺陷。
(七)产前检查内容主要包括测量血压、体重、宫高、胎位、胎心率,血、尿化验和B超检查等。
(八)首次产前检查应当做乙肝、梅毒和艾滋病检查。
(九)产前诊断可发现胎儿某些先天性缺陷和遗传性疾病。35岁以上的孕妇属于高龄孕妇,应当进行产前诊断。
(十)孕妇正常血压为收缩压低于140毫米汞柱,舒张压低于90毫米汞柱。
(十一)孕妇血红蛋白应当不低于110克/升。
(十二)怀孕期间,如果出现高热、头晕、头痛、呕吐、视物不清、阴道出血、腹痛、胎膜破裂(破水)、胎动异常等情况,应当立即去医疗保健机构就诊。
(十三)怀孕24周-28周,建议做妊娠期糖尿病筛查。
(十四)足月产是指怀孕37周-42周之间分娩。
(十五)自然分娩是对母婴损伤最小、最理想的分娩方式。
(十六)临产的征兆为:出现规律、伴有疼痛且逐渐增强的子宫收缩,每次持续30秒或以上,间隔5分钟-6分钟。
(十七)在孕产期各阶段,孕产妇都可能出现不同程度的心理变化,放松心情有助于预防孕期和产后抑郁。
(十八)母乳是婴儿最理想的天然食物,提倡纯母乳喂养6个月。1岁以下婴儿不宜食用鲜奶。
(十九)正常足月新生儿的出生体重在2500克-4000克之间,超过4000克为巨大儿,不足2500克为低出生体重儿。
(二十)新生儿出生后应当进行新生儿疾病筛查。
(二十一)新生儿可出现生理性体重下降,一般不超过出生体重的10%,出生后7天-10天恢复至出生体重。
(二十二)新生儿生理性黄疸一般在出生后2天-3天出现,第7天-10天开始逐渐消退。
(二十三)新生儿脐带脱落的时间一般在出生后1周-2周。
(二十四)新生儿满月时,体重至少应当比出生时增加600克。
(二十五)应当保证新生儿睡眠充足,一天睡眠时间一般为16小时-20小时。
(二十六)婴儿从出生开始,应当在医生指导下每天补充维生素D 400-800国际单位。正常足月新生儿出生后6个月内一般不用补充钙剂。
(二十七)父母或看护人应当经常与婴儿交流,及时满足婴儿的各种需要。
(二十八)婴儿乳牙一般在出生后4个月-10个月之间萌出。
(二十九)婴儿出生后要按照免疫规划程序进行预防接种。
(三十)婴幼儿的前囟一般在出生后12个月-18个月闭合。
二、健康生活方式和行为
(三十一)孕妇应当坚持早晚刷牙、餐后漱口。
(三十二)孕妇应当禁烟禁酒,最好不穿高跟鞋、不染发、少化妆,服装以舒适为宜。
(三十三)孕妇每天应当进行30分钟以上的适宜运动。
(三十四)孕妇应当至少接受5次产前检查并住院分娩。首次产前检查应当在怀孕12周以前。
(三十五)孕妇应当保证合理膳食,均衡营养,在医生指导下适量补充铁、钙等营养素。
(三十六)孕中期钙的适宜摄入量为每天1000毫克,孕晚期及哺乳期均为每天1200毫克。
(三十七)孕妇应当维持体重的适宜增长。孕前体重正常的孕妇,孕期增重值为12千克左右。
(三十八)产妇在哺乳期应当适量增加鱼、禽、蛋、肉及新鲜蔬菜和水果的摄入。
(三十九)产妇应当养成良好的个人卫生习惯,提倡开窗通风、刷牙、洗澡等。
(四十)应当在新生儿出生后1小时内开始喂奶,早接触、早吸吮、早开奶,按需哺乳。
(四十一)从出生后6个月开始,需要逐渐给婴儿补充富含铁的泥糊状食物。
(四十二)婴儿添加辅食后可继续母乳喂养至2岁或2岁以上。
(四十三)产后42天左右,母亲和婴儿均应当接受一次健康检查。
(四十四)婴儿在3、6、8、12月龄时,应当接受健康检查。
(四十五)有不满1周岁婴儿的女职工,在每班劳动时间内可以享受两次哺乳(含人工喂养)时间,每次30分钟。
三、基本技能
(四十六)记住末次月经,学会计算预产期。
(四十七)孕妇一般在怀孕18周-20周开始自觉胎动,在孕晚期应当学会胎动计数的方法。
(四十八)孕产妇患病应当及时就诊,在医生指导下服用药物。需要紧急医疗救助时,拨打120急救电话。
(四十九)哺乳期妇女应当采取有效的避孕措施。
(五十)给婴儿添加的非乳类食物应当多样化,注意少糖、无盐、不加调味品。
(五十一)婴儿的咀嚼能力应当从出生后7个月-8个月开始锻炼,10个月-12个月可以培养婴儿自己用勺进食。
(五十二)婴儿体温超过38.5℃,需要在医生指导下采取适当的降温措施。
(五十三)婴儿发生腹泻,不需要禁食,可以继续母乳喂养,及时补充液体,避免发生脱水。
(五十四)数呼吸次数可早期识别肺炎。在安静状态下,出生后2天-2个月的婴儿呼吸次数不超过60次/分,2个月-12个月不超过50次/分。
(五十五)避免婴儿发生摔伤、烧烫伤、窒息、中毒、触电、溺水等意外伤害。

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境外投资外汇管理办法(附英文)

国家外汇管理局


境外投资外汇管理办法(附英文)

(1989年2月5日国务院批准)

办法
第一条 为了促进对外经济技术合作,加强境外投资外汇管理,有利于国际收支平衡,制定本办法。
第二条 本办法所称境外投资是指在中国境内登记注册的公司、企业或者其他经济组织(不包括外商投资企业)在境外设立各类企业或者购股、参股(以下统称境外投资企业),从事生产、经营的活动。
境外投资有关外汇事宜,依照本办法的规定执行。
第三条 拟在境外投资的公司、企业或者其他经济组织,在向国家主管部门办理境外投资审批事项前,应当向外汇管理部门提供境外投资所在国(地区)对国外投资的外汇管理情况和资料,提交投资外汇资金来源证明,由外汇管理部门负责投资外汇风险审查和外汇资金来源审查,并于三十天内作出书面审查结论。
第四条 经批准在境外投资的公司、企业或者其他经济组织(以下简称境内投资者),应当持下列材料向外汇管理部门办理登记和投资外汇资金汇出手续:
(一)国家主管部门的批准文件;
(二)外汇管理部门关于投资外汇风险审查和外汇资金来源审查的书面结论;
(三)投资项目的合同或者其他可证明境内投资者应当汇出外汇资金数额的文件。
办理前款登记和投资外汇资金汇出手续时,外汇管理部门应当对境内投资者的投资外汇资金来源进行复核。
第五条 境内投资者在办理登记时,应当按汇出外汇资金数额的5%缴存汇回利润保证金(以下简称保证金)。保证金应当存入外汇管理部门指定银行的专用帐户。汇回利润累计达到汇出外汇资金数额时,退还保证金。保证金存款的利息按照国家规定标准支付给境内投资者。
境内投资者缴存保证金确有实际困难的,可向外汇管理部门作出书面承诺,保证境外投资企业按期汇回利润或者其他外汇收益。
第六条 境内投资者来源于境外投资的利润或者其他外汇收益,必须在当地会计年度终了后六个月内调回境内,按照国家规定办理结汇或者留存现汇。未经外汇管理部门批准,不得擅自挪作他用或者存放境外。
第七条 境内投资者从境外投资企业分得的利润或者其他外汇收益,自该境外投资企业设立之日起五年内全额留成,五年后依照国家有关规定计算留成。
第八条 境外投资企业可以根据经营需要,自行筹措资金,但未经国家外汇管理局批准,其境内投资者不得以任何方式为其提供担保。
第九条 境外投资企业的年度会计报表,包括资产负债表、损益计算书,在当地会计年度终了后六个月内,由其境内投资者向外汇管理部门报送。
第十条 境外投资企业变更资本,其境内投资者应当事先报经原审批部门批准并报送外汇管理部门备案。
第十一条 境内投资者转让境外投资企业股份,应当向外汇管理部门提交股分转让报告书,并在转让结束后三十天内将所得外汇收益调回境内。
第十二条 境外投资企业依照所在国(地区)法律停业或者解散后,其境内投资者应当将其应得的外汇资产调回境内,不得擅自挪作他用或者存放境外。
第十三条 境外投资企业未按利润计划汇回利润或者其他外汇收益的,其境内投资者应当向外汇管理部门提交不能按时完成利润计划或者经营亏损的报告书。如无正当理由,外汇管理部门可从保证金中将相应比例的外汇数额结售给国家;未开立保证金帐户的,从其境内投资者的留成外汇中扣除相应数额上缴国家,但累计扣除数额不超过汇出外汇资金数额的20%。
第十四条 违反本办法第六条、第十一条、第十二条规定者,外汇管理部门应当责令境内投资者限期调回,并可按应调回资金数额的10%至20%处以外汇罚款。
违反本办法第九条、第十条规定,情节严重者,外汇管理部门对境内投资者可处以人民币十万元以下的罚款。
违反本办法其他条款规定者,依照《违反外汇管理处罚施行细则》的规定外理。
第十五条 本办法施行前已设立的境外投资企业,其境内投资者应当自本办法施行之日起六十天内,依照本办法的有关规定,向外汇管理部门补报有关材料,办理登记手续,并依照规定将外汇收益调回境内。
第十六条 本办法由国家外汇管理局负责解释。
第十七条 本办法自发布之日起施行。(附英文)

PROCEDURES FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE FOREIGN EXCHANGE INVOLVEDIN INVESTMENT ABROAD

Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.

Whole Document (法规全文)
PROCEDURES FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE FOREIGN EXCHANGE INVOLVED
IN INVESTMENT ABROAD
(Approved by the State Council of the People's Republic of China
on February 5, 1989 and promulgated by the State Administration of Foreign
Exchange Control on March 6, 1989)
Article 1
These Procedures are formulated for the purpose of promoting economic and
technological co-operation with foreign countries, strengthening the
administration of the foreign exchange involved in investment abroad and
facilitating the achievement of a balance of international payments.
Article 2
The terms "investment abroad" referred to in these Procedures means the
establishment of various kinds of enterprises abroad or the purchase of
and holding shares abroad (hereinafter collectively referred to as
"Chinese-invested enterprises abroad") by corporations, enterprises and
other economic organizations registered inside China (not including
enterprises with foreign investment) to engage in production and business
activities. Matters related to the foreign exchange involved in investment
abroad shall be governed by these Procedures.
Article 3
Corporations, enterprises or other economic organizations that intend to
make investment abroad shall, prior to going through the procedures of
application, examination and approval of investment abroad with the
competent State authorities, provide the department for control of foreign
exchange with the information on the administration exercised by the
countries (or regions) where their investment is to be over the foreign
exchange involved in investigated by foreign countries and the relevant
data, and submit to the department the certifying documents on the
source(s) of the funds in foreign exchange earmarked for investment
abroad. The department for control of foreign exchange shall be
responsible for the risk examination of the foreign exchange earmarked for
investment abroad and for the examination of the source(s) of the funds in
foreign exchange and shall present within 30 days the conclusions in
writing drawn from the examinations.
Article 4
Corporations, enterprises or other economic organizations (hereinafter
referred to as "domestic investors") that have been permitted to make
investment abroad shall handle with the department for control of foreign
exchange the procedures of registration and of remitting abroad the funds
in foreign exchange earmarked for investment abroad by presenting the
following materials:
1. the documents of approval issued by the competent State authorities;
2. the conclusions in writing drawn by the department for control of
foreign exchange from the risk examination of the foreign exchange
earmarked for investment abroad and the examination of the source(s) of
the funds in foreign exchange; and
3. the contract of the investment project or other document(s) that may
serve to certify the amount of the funds in foreign exchange that the
domestic investors shall remit abroad.
In handling the procedures of registration and of remitting abroad the
funds in foreign exchange earmarked for investment abroad as prescribed in
the first paragraph of this Article, the department for control of foreign
exchange shall re-examine the source(s) of the funds in foreign exchange
of the domestic investors.
Article 5
In going through the procedures of registration, the domestic investors
shall place a deposit as a guarantee that they shall remit the profit back
to China (hereinafter referred to as "guarantee deposit") which is equal
to 5 percent of the amount of funds in foreign exchange to be sent abroad.
The guarantee deposit shall be placed in a special account in a bank
designated by the department for control of foreign exchange. The
guarantee deposit shall be refunded when the total amount of profit
remitted back to China is equal to the amount of funds in foreign exchange
sent abroad. The interest on the guarantee deposit shall be paid to the
domestic investors in accordance with the standard rate prescribed by the
State.
If the domestic investors experience real difficulty in placing the
guarantee deposit, they may give a written commitment to the department
for control of foreign exchange that the enterprise abroad in which they
invest shall remit regularly the profit or other incomes in foreign
exchange back to China.
Article 6
The profit or other incomes in foreign exchange derived by domestic
investors from their investment abroad shall be repatriated within 6
months as of the end of the local accounting year and settled as foreign
exchange or retained as spot exchange in accordance with the pertinent
provisions of the State. Without the approval by the department for
control of foreign exchange, they may not be diverted to other uses or
kept abroad.
Article 7
The share of profit or other incomes in foreign exchange that domestic
investors receive from the enterprise abroad in which they invest shall be
retained in full in the first five years as of the date of the
establishment of the enterprise and shall be retained at a percentage
calculated in accordance with the pertinent provisions of the State as of
the end of the first five years.
Article 8
A Chinese-invested enterprise abroad may, on the basis of the need of its
business operations, raise funds on its own. But without approval by the
State Administration of Foreign Exchange Control, its domestic investors
may not provide guarantee for it by any means.
Article 9
The annual accounting statements of a Chinese-invested enterprise abroad,
including the statement of assets and liabilities and the statement of
loss and profit, shall, within 6 months as of the end of the local
accounting year, be submitted by its domestic investors to the department
for control of foreign exchange.
Article 10
If a Chinese-invested enterprise abroad is to make changes in its capital,
its domestic investors shall apply in advance to the original examining
and approving authorities for approval and the changes shall be reported
to the department for control of foreign exchange for the record.
Article 11
If domestic investors are to transfer the shares of stock of the
enterprise abroad in which they invest, they shall submit to the local
department for control of foreign exchange a report for the transfer
thereof and shall repatriate the incomes in foreign exchange thus obtained
within 30 days after the completion of the transfer.
Article 12
If a Chinese-invested enterprise abroad terminates its business operations
or is dissolved in accordance with the laws of the country (or region) in
which it is located, its domestic investors shall repatriate the assets in
foreign exchange that they are entitled to obtain and may not divert them
to other uses or keep them abroad without authorization.
Article 13
If a Chinese-invested enterprise abroad fails to remit back to China their
profit or other incomes in foreign exchange in accordance with their
profit plan, its domestic investors shall submit to the department for
control of foreign exchange a report on their failure to fulfil their
profit plan on schedule or on the losses sustained in business operations.
If they fail to offer sufficient justification, the department for control
of foreign exchange may deduct from their guarantee deposit a
corresponding proportion of foreign exchange and sell it to the State. If
the domestic investors have not opened a guarantee deposit account, the
department for control of foreign exchange shall deduct from their
retained foreign exchange a corresponding amount and turn it over to the
State, but the total amount deducted shall not exceed 20 percent of the
amount of the funds in foreign exchange that has been remitted abroad.
Article 14
If domestic investors violate the provisions in Articles 6, 11 and 12, the
department for control of foreign exchange shall order them to repatriate
the foreign exchange involved within a prescribed period of time and may
impose a fine amounting from 10 percent up to 20 percent of the amount
that should be repatriated.
If domestic investors violate the provisions in Articles 9 and 10 to a
serious extent, the department for control of foreign exchange may impose
on them a fine of Renminbi 100,000 yuan or less.
Violators of the other provisions of these Procedures shall be dealt with
in accordance with the provisions of the Rules for the Implementation of
Penalties on Violations of Foreign Exchange Control.
Article 15
The domestic investors of the Chinese-invested enterprise abroad
established before these Procedures go into effect shall, within 60 days
starting from the day on which these Procedures go into effect and in
accordance with the relevant provisions of these Procedures, approach the
department for control of foreign exchange to make up for the submission
of the relevant materials and go through the procedures of registration
and shall repatriate their incomes in foreign exchange in accordance with
the relevant provisions.
Article 16
The State Administration of Foreign Exchange Control shall be responsible
for the interpretation of these Procedures.
Article 17
These Procedures shall go into effect as of the date of promulgation.


淮南市人民政府关于废止部分市人民政府规章的决定

安徽省淮南市人民政府


淮南市人民政府令
(第112号)


  《关于废止部分市人民政府规章的决定》已经2007年10月17日市人民政府第33次常务会议通过,现予公布,自公布之日起施行。


市长:刘健

二OO七年十月二十二日



  淮南市人民政府关于废止部分市人民政府规章的决定


  为了更好地适应加快建设法治政府、全面推进依法行政的要求,按照《国务院办公厅关于开展行政法规规章清理工作的通知》(国办发〔2007〕12号)精神,市政府对现行规章进行了全面清理,现决定自公布之日起废止下列规章:


  一、淮南市城镇房地产交易市场管理暂行办法;


  二、淮南市气象观测环境及设施保护暂行规定;


  三、淮南市规范性文件备案规定;


  四、淮南市考试舞弊行为处罚规定;


  五、淮南市居民委员会工作管理规定;


  六、淮南市收回国有土地使用权办法;


  七、淮南市中等职业技术教育管理规定;


  八、淮南市军人抚恤优待办法;


  九、淮南市公共场所禁止吸烟暂行规定;


  十、淮南市出租汽车客运管理办法;


  十一、淮南市实施《安徽省城市住宅区物业管理暂行办法》细则;


  十二、淮南市车船使用税委托代征办法。


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